Eugene Volokh asks an interesting question:

So here’s the question: What places in the world are still

1. run by different countries for an indefinite time in the future (don’t count Iraq, for instance), and not just as a pure military base or as research outpost such as an Antarctic zone (note that what constitutes a “foreign country” naturally requires somewhat subjective calls about what’s a different country and what’s part of the same country — Kaliningrad, for instance, is I think really, truly a part of Russia, as is Alaska for the U.S.),
2. on a continent or on island(s) that contain at least 5000 square kilometers of land, or about 2000 square miles (this gets rid of the pinpoint islands),
3. not contiguous (or straight across the sea — naturally, a subjective matter) with the country that runs them (so don’t count Tibet and China, Western Sahara and Morocco, Northern Ireland and England, or Svalbard and Norway; this is one rough and imprecise way of judging whether the dependency should indeed been seen as a separate place rather than part of the same country)

This has similarities with last weeks piece on just how many continents the EU is on.
You’ll have to look at his post for the answers. My quibbling about them is below.

Eugene says Greenland. Agreed. Run by Denmark but not part of the EU.
Gibraltar, yes, Puerto Rico, yes, Falklands, yes, and then I start to argue.
The French places he lists, New Caledonia and French Guiana : he says that while they are formally part of France, they’re not really. Hhm. They elect deputies, fully voting ones, to the Parliament in Paris. This would make them more part of France than Washington DC is part of the US for example. Also to the European Parliament. If the various French places (further examples are French Polynesia, Guadeloupe and Martinique, which are left out becasue of size ) should not be considered part of France then so Kaliningrad should not be considered part of Russia : they are operating under exactly the same constitutional rules. So either add one or scratch two.
Canary Islands ? Again, slightly odd choice. Deputies are elected to the Cortes, although they have a slightly odd relationship with the EU. Also, the Canaries were Terra Nullius when discovered in the Middle Ages. There is no ” native population ” which has been dispossessed. I would regard them as legitimately part of Spain, unlike Ceuta and Melilla ( which don’t make the list as they are just across the sea ).
There’s three more that could be added to the list. They’re not normally thought of as they are not European colonies.
Cabinda. An enclave of Angola that is separated from the main part by Congo. It is just up the coast, but that’s not the same as just across the sea.
Then two that really do meet the criteria. Azerbaijan controls an enclave within Armenia called Nagorno – Karabakh and Armenia controls an enclave on the Armenian / Iranian border called Naxcivan.
Both meet the criteria : they are not contiguous, on a land mass of more than 5,000 km, and appear to be stable in their political arrangements.
Yes, I googled to check my answers which is why I’m not writing to Eugene about it.